What Area of Refuge Guidelines to Follow

By Mike Shabluk | February 27, 2024

If you specialize in commercial architecture, a major part of your job is creating accessible spaces. You’re responsible for ensuring every corner of a building is visually appealing and functional for people with different needs. And that means following the necessary guidelines for a particular location in the building—the area of refuge. 

Whether you’re a seasoned architect or a newcomer to the field, understanding the ins and outs of an area of refuge is critical. Otherwise, you risk making a client’s building less accessible and inclusive than it could be. Worse, you could introduce safety issues and even leave your client vulnerable to legal trouble. 

That’s why we’re taking a deep dive into this topic. By the end of this blog, you’ll have a better grasp of what’s required and how signage comes into play. Moreover, you’ll be able to handle your next commercial project with confidence.

Let’s dive in…

What Is an Area of Refuge?

An area of refuge is a designated location in a building where people, particularly those with mobility challenges or disabilities, can wait for help during emergencies. This area is usually positioned near stairwells or other safe exit routes for fire and smoke protection. It offers a temporary haven for those who can’t navigate stairs or exit the building independently. 

Here are some examples of people who may use this type of space:

  • People with disabilities
  • Those with young children or babies
  • Seniors with limited mobility
  • People with temporary injuries affecting movement
  • Pregnant individuals
  • Those who are blind
  • Anyone who can’t access an exit

Ultimately, an area of refuge provides protection and a means of communication, ensuring individuals will be safe until help arrives. 

Why These Areas Are Important

Adding an area of refuge to a client’s building is vital for several reasons. Most are rooted in legal requirements and/or safety standards. Chances are, you have an idea of why these areas are important. Still, it’s worth taking a closer look at the specific reasons. 

  • Meeting International Building Code (IBC)

Chapter 10 of the IBC includes provisions for the construction of these areas. Meeting these codes ensures the building is up to internationally recognized standards for safety and accessibility. Plus, it prevents having to inconvenience your client with big changes down the road.

  • Adhering to National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code (NFPA) 

Compliance with NFPA 72 is essential for proper fire safety systems. Including a refuge area aligns with the NFPA 72 standards, contributing to an effective emergency response and evacuation plan. It’s also necessary for your client to avoid penalization. 

  • Complying with Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Accessibility Standards

Chapter 4 of the ADA Accessibility Standards also covers area of refuge requirements. Including this area ensures the building is in compliance with ADA guidelines, promoting inclusivity and equal access for all occupants. This protects your client from potential lawsuits and fines. 

  • Ensuring safety and emergency preparedness

An area of refuge is a key component of emergency preparedness. It provides a designated space for individuals with mobility challenges during evacuations. Adding one to your client’s building ensures occupant safety. It also facilitates a more organized response in crisis situations.

  • Getting approval for occupancy

For a building to be used, it needs to meet certificate of occupancy requirements. One of the primary purposes of this certificate is to show the facility complies with building codes. And because a refuge area is required by code, it’s necessary to get approval for occupancy. 

  • Improving building quality

Incorporating an area of refuge also contributes to the overall quality and function of the building. It demonstrates a commitment to safety, accessibility, and inclusivity. These are factors that can enhance your client’s reputation and the building’s usability.

What Are the General Guidelines for These Areas?

As mentioned above, there are several rules to follow when creating an area of refuge. It’s important to reference the IBC, state and local building codes, the NFPA, and the ADA Accessibility Standards to make sure you’ve covered all your bases. You should also work closely with local building inspectors and contractors to take advantage of their expertise. 

With that said, here are some general guidelines that apply:

  • The area must provide direct access to exit stairways. 
  • It can be located near a stairway enclosure or on a stairway landing. 
  • The area must have a two-way communication system. 
  • It should be separated by a fire barrier.
  • The area must be large enough to accommodate wheelchairs.
  • It should be supplied with fresh air. 
  • It must have signage identifying the area. 

Although most commercial buildings should have an area of refuge, there are some exceptions. For example, it may not be required if a building is only one level or equipped with an automatic sprinkler system. But it’s important to check state and local building codes. 

What Are the Area of Refuge Sign Requirements?

Any area of refuge should have identification signage so building occupants can find it easily. This sign should be ADA compliant, which means it needs to meet the various ADA sign regulations. The most basic area of refuge sign requirements include the following:

  • The sign must have a matte, non-glare finish.
  • There must be a high level of contrast between the background and characters.
  • The sign requires 1/32” raised text stating “AREA OF REFUGE.”
  • The raised text should be in uppercase.
  • The characters should be in an ADA-compliant font.
  • The text should have corresponding grade 2 braille.
  • The sign should feature the International Symbol of Accessibility (ISA).
  • The sign should be mounted on the wall near the door 48”-60” inches from the floor.

Note: Along with identification signage outside the area, there should also be instructional signage within the area. This sign should provide directions on what to do once occupants arrive at the designated place. It should also tell them how to use the communication system.

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Takeaway

When working on a commercial project, your goal should be to make the building safe, accessible, and welcoming for all. And part of that is including an area of refuge in your plans. Although it may require extra effort, it’s well worth following all the necessary guidelines. That way, you can ensure your client’s building is up to code and create a space where everyone feels secure. If you need identification signage for a client’s refuge area, Erie Custom Signs can help. Check out the customizable signs in our online store today!